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1946-APR-16


Provisional Government of the French Republic : PGFR [French Colonial Empire]
(Paris)

Provisional Government of the French Republic : PGFR
[French Colonial Empire]

Flag or logo since 1944-08-25*
Gouvernement provisoire de la République française : GPRF (fr) UNO Member
Emblem or Symbol*

Felix Gouin
(ruler of FRANCE since 1946-01-26)
 
 
 
 
Capitals & administrative places*: Paris
(Paris)
Official & national languages: French (fr) .

Mainland:


FRANCE Provisional Government of the FRENCH Republic  (Paris)

2 Divisions:

ALSACE-MOSELLE Departments of ALSACE-MOSELLE  (Colmar + Metz + Strasbourg)Local: Départements d´ALSACE-MOSELLE (fr)  (Colmar + Metz + Strasbourg)
METROPOLITAN FRANCE European Territory of the French Republic : Departments of METROPOLE  (Paris)Local: Territoire européen de la République française : Départements de la MÉTROPOLE  (Paris)


3 Largely Autonomous or Semi-Independent Polities

INDOCHINA INDOCHINESE Federation  (Saigon) Felix Gouin
NORTH VIETNAM Free State of the Democratic Republic of VIETNAM  (Hanoi) Ho Chi Minh
TONKIN AND ANNAM Associated State of TONKIN AND ANNAM  (Hue) Emperor Bao Dai


10 Assisted Entities

ANDORRA Principality of ANDORRA  (Andorra The Old a + (La Seu d´Urgell) ry) Coprince Ramon Iglesias Navarri
AUSTRIA Allied Control Council of the Republic of AUSTRIA  (Vienna) President Karl Renner
HOGGAR KEL AHAGGAR Tuareg Confederation [under French Suzerainty]  (Abalessa) Amenokal Meslar ag Amayas
LEBANON LEBANESE Republic  (Beirut) President Bechara El-Khoury
MONACO Principality of MONACO [French Protectorate]  (Monaco q) Prince Louis II
MOROCCO Sharifi Empire of MOROCCO [French and Spanish Protectorates]  (Rabat a) Sultan Muhammad V
SAAR Government of the French SAAR Protectorate  (Saarbruecken) Hans Neureuter
SYRIA SYRIAN Republic [Self-declared independence]  (Damascus) President Shukri al-Kuwatli
TANGIER TANGIER International Zone  (Tangier) Sultan Muhammad V
TUNISIA TUNISIAN Regency [French Protectorate of the Tunisian Beylicate]  (Tunis) Muhammad VIII Al-Amin Bey



14 Territories:

FEZZAN-GHADAMES French Military Territory of FEZZAN-GHADAMES [French Protectorate]  (Sabha)Local: Territoire militaire français du FEZZAN-GHADAMÈS (fr)  (Sebha)
FRENCH ALGERIA Governorate-General of ALGERIA  (Algiers a)Local: Gouvernorat-général de l´ALGÉRIE (fr)  (Alger)
FRENCH EQUATORIAL AFRICA FRENCH EQUATORIAL AFRICA Federation  (Brazzaville)Local: Fédération d´AFRIQUE-ÉQUATORIALE FRANÇAISE (fr)  (Brazzaville)
FRENCH GUIANA French Overseas Department of GUIANA  (Cayenne)Local: Département d´outre-mer français de la GUYANE (fr)  (Cayenne)
FRENCH SETTLEMENTS IN INDIA Governorate of the FRENCH SETTLEMENTS IN INDIA  (Pondicherry)Local: Gouvernorat des ÉTABLISSEMENTS FRANÇAIS DANS L´INDE (fr)  (Pondichéry)
FRENCH WEST AFRICA Federation of FRENCH WEST AFRICA  (Dakar)Local: Fédération de l´AFRIQUE OCCIDENTALE FRANÇAISE (fr)  (Dakar)
FRENCH ZONE IN GERMANY Military Governorate of the FRENCH OCCUPATION ZONE IN GERMANY  (Baden-Baden)Local: Gouvernorat militaire de la ZONE D´OCCUPATION FRANÇAISE EN ALLEMAGNE (fr)  (Baden-Baden)
HAUTEVILLE HOUSE City of Paris Property of HAUTEVILLE HOUSE  (Victor Hugo Home)Local: Domaine de HAUTEVILLE HOUSE Propriété de la Ville de Paris (fr)  (Maison de Victor Hugo)
HOLY LAND French National Domain in THE HOLY LAND [French Territories in Jerusalem]  (Church of Saint Anne + Eleona Monastery + Tomb of the Kings + Abbaye of Abu Gosh)Local: Domaine national français en TERRE SAINTE (fr)  (Église Sainte-Anne + Monastère d´Eléona + Tombeau des Rois + Abbaye d´Abou Gosh)
PACIFIC OCEAN High Commission of the Republic in THE PACIFIC OCEAN  (Numea)Local: Haut-Commissariat de la République dans l´OCÉAN PACIFIQUE (fr)  (Nouméa)
REUNION French Overseas Department of REUNION  (Saint Denis of the Reunion)Local: Département d´outre-mer français de la RÉUNION (fr)  (Saint-Denis de la Réunion)
SAINT HELENA DOMAIN French National Domain on SAINT HELENA ISLAND [Longwood House and Valley of the Tomb]  (Longwood House)Local: Domaine national de SAINTE-HÉLÈNE (fr)  (Longwood House)
SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON French Colony of SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON  (Saint Pierre)Local: Colonie française de SAINT-PIERRE-ET-MIQUELON (fr)  (Saint-Pierre)
VILLA MEDICI French Possession of VILLA MEDICI [French Academy in Rome]  (Villa Medici)Local: Académie de France à Rome : Domaine français de la VILLA MÉDICIS (fr)  (Villa Médicis)

17 Condominiums:

ADELIE LAND French Sector of ADELIE LAND  ((Tananarive))Local: Secteur français de la TERRE ADÉLIE (fr)  ((Tananarive))
AIRPORT BASLE-MULHOUSE Reserved Territory of AIRPORT BASLE-MULHOUSE  (Saint-Louis + Blotzheim)Local: Territoire réservé de l´AÉROPORT DE BÂLE-MULHOUSE (fr) + FLUGHAFEN BASEL-MÜLHAUSEN Gebiet (de)  (Saint-Louis + Blotzheim)
BERLIN Municipal Government of BERLIN City [Allied Occupation of the City of Berlin]  (Berlin-Dahlem)Local: BERLIN Stadtverwaltung (de) + Municipal Government of BERLIN (en) + Gouvernement Municipal de BERLIN (fr) + BERLIN Munitsipal´nogo Pravitel´stva : БЕРЛИН Муниципального Правительства (ru)  (Berlin-Dahlem)
FRENCH CAMEROON Autonomous Territory of FRENCH CAMEROON [League of Nations Mandate under French Administration]  (Duala)Local: Territoire autonome du CAMEROUN (fr)  (Douala)
FRENCH LEVANT Mandate for Syria and Lebanon : FRENCH LEVANT  ((Beirut))Local: Mandat pour la Syrie et le Liban : LEVANT FRANÇAIS (fr)  ((Beyrouth))
FRENCH MOROCCO French Protectorate in the Sharifi Empire of MOROCCO  (Rabat)Local: Protectorat français dans l´Empire chérifien : Protectorat français au MAROC (fr) + Himaïet Fransa fi el-MAGHREB : حماية فرنسا للمغرب (ar)  (Rabat)
FRENCH SOMALI COAST French Somaliland Colony : FRENCH SOMALI COAST  (Jibuti)Local: Colonie de la CÔTE FRANÇAISE DES SOMALIS (fr)  (Djibouti)
FRENCH TOGO FRENCH TOGO Territory  (Lome)Local: Territoire du TOGO FRANÇAIS (fr)  (Lomé)
FRENCH ZONE IN AUSTRIA French Occupation Zone in AUSTRIA  (Vienna-Funfhaus)Local: Zone d´occupation française en AUTRICHE (fr) + Französische Besatzungszone in ÖSTERREICH (de)  (Vienne-Funfhaus)
MADAGASCAR AND DEPENDENCIES Governorate-General of FRENCH MADAGASCAR  (Tananarive)Local: Gouvernorat-général de MADAGASCAR FRANÇAISE (fr) + General Governorate of FRENCH MADAGASCAR (en)  (Tananarive)
NEW HEBRIDES Condominium of NEW HEBRIDES  (Port Vila)Local: NEW HEBRIDES Condominium (en) + Condominium des NOUVELLES-HÉBRIDES (fr)  (Port Vila)
PALACE FARNESE French Embassy in Italy : PALACE FARNESE  (Palace Farnese)Local: Ambassade de France en Italie : PALAIS FARNÈSE (fr) + Ambasciata di Francia in Italia : PALAZZO FARNESE (it)  (Palazzo Farnese)
PHEASANTS´ ISLAND Condominium of PHEASANTS´ ISLAND [Condominium of Conference Island]  (Hospital Island)Local: Condominio de la ISLA DE LOS FAISANES (es) + Condominium de l´ÎLE DES FAISANS (fr)  (Île de l´Hôpital)
PYRENEAN FACERIES Trans-Borders Valleys of PYRENEAN FACERIES  (Baigorri + Baztan)Local: Valles Transfronterizas de las FACERIAS PIRENAICAS (es) + Vallées transfrontalières des FACERIES PYRÉNÉENNES (fr)  (Baigorri + Baztan)
ROME AND LORETO Pious French Establishments in ROME AND LORETO  (Villa Bonaparte)Local: Pieux Établissements français à ROME ET LORETTE (fr) + Pii Stabilimenti francesi a ROMA E LORETO (it)  (Villa Bonaparte)
SUEZ CANAL ZONE SUEZ CANAL Zone [Suez Canal Company]  (Port Suez + (Alexandria))Local: Suez Canal Company : SUEZ CANAL ZONE (en) + Compagnie du Canal de Suez : ZONE DU CANAL DE SUEZ (fr) + Muhafazah QANAT AS-SUWAIS : محافظة قناة السويس (ar)  (Port Suez + (Alexandria))
TEUTONIC ORDER Order of Brothers of the German House Saint Mary in Jerusalem : TEUTONIC ORDER  (Vienna)Local: Orden der Brüder vom Deutschen Haus Sankt Mariens in Jerusalem : DEUTSCHER ORDEN (de)  (Wien)

Dependent Protectorates:

BAGHIRMI BAGHIRMI Sultanate [French Protectorate of the Baghirmi Kingdom]  (Massenya)Local: Sultanat du BAGUIRMI (fr) + Mbang TAR BAGRIMMA (bmi) + Sultanat BAQIRMI : سلطانات باقرمي (ar)  (Massenya)
DASA Yoruba Kingdom of DASA [French Protectorate]  (Dasa)Local: Royaume de DASSA (fr) + Oba ÌDÀÁSHÀ (idd)  (Dassa)
KETU Yoruba State of KETU [French Protectorate]  (Ketu)Local: État de KÉTOU (fr) + Oba KETU (nqg) + Alaketu KETU (ijj)  (Kétou)
SAVI HWEDA Fon State of SAVI HWEDA [French Protectorate]  (Whydah)Local: État de SAVI HWÉDA (fr) + SAVI HWEDA (sxw) + SAVI HWEDA (fon)  (Ouidah)
SENEGAL SENEGAL Colony and Protectorate  (Saint Louis of Senegal)Local: Protectorat et Colonie du SÉNÉGAL (fr)  (Saint-Louis du Sénégal)
SOUTHERN TERRITORIES French Territory of SOUTHERN TERRITORIES [French Protectorate]  (Ain Sefra + Ghardaia + Wargla + Tuggurt)Local: Territoire français des TERRITOIRES DU SUD (fr)  (Aïn Séfra + Ghardaïa + Ouargla + Touggourt)
TAGANIT Emirate of TAGANIT [French Protectorate]  (Tijikja)Local: Emirat TAGANT : إمرات تكانت (ar) + Confédération du TAGANIT (fr)  (Tidjikdja)
TRARZA Emirate of TRARZA [French Protectorate]  (Rosso)Local: Emirat TARARIZA : إمارة الترارزة (ar) + Émirat de TRARZA (fr)  (Rosso)
UPPER IVORY COAST UPPER IVORY COAST Region [French Residency directly administered from Ivory Coast]  (Wagadugu)Local: Région de la HAUTE-CÔTE D´IVOIRE (fr)  (Ouagadougou)



8 Governments or Movements in Exile

ARAUCANIA AND PATAGONIA Kingdom of ARAUCANIA AND PATAGONIA-in-Exile  (Paris) King Antoine III
CATALONIA-IN-EXILE CATALAN Government-in-Exile [Generality of Catalonia]  (Perpignan) Josep Irla
COSSACKIA COSSACK National Liberation Movement  (Paris) Ignat Arkhipovich Bilyi
EUZKADI BASQUE Government-in-Exile  (Paris) President Jose Antonio de Aguirre y Lecube
GEORGIA-IN-EXILE National Government of GEORGIA-IN-EXILE  (Leuville on Orge) Noe Zhordania
HABSBURG HABSBURG Monarchy  (Poecking x + Lekitto x + Bordeaux x) Archduke Otto of Habsburg-Lorraine
SPAIN-IN-EXILE SPANISH Republican Government-in-Exile  (Paris x) President Diego Martinez Barrio
WHITE RUSSIANS WHITE EMIGRES Organizations Outside Russia  (Istanbul + Paris) Metropolitan Anastasius Gribanovsky



Military entities abroad, special or locally shared:

ABU SUEIR Royal Air Force ABU SUEIR  (Abu Sueir)Local: Royal Air Force ABU SUEIR (en)  (Abu Suweir)
BORA BORA American Base of BORA BORA  (Vaitape)Local: Base américaine de BORA-BORA (fr)  (Vaïtapé)
FRENCH WAR GRAVES FRENCH WAR GRAVES Abroad  (Paris)Local: TOMBES MILITAIRES FRANÇAISES à l´étranger (fr)  (Paris)
NOUASSEUR NOUASSEUR Air Base  (Nouasseur)Local: NOUASSEUR Air Base (en) + Base aérienne de NOUASSEUR (fr)  (Nouasseur)
RAYAK RAYAK Air Base  (Rayak)Local: Base aérienne de RAYAK (fr) + RAYAK Air Base (en) + Kaidat RAYAK al-Jawiya : قاعدة رياق الجوية (ar)  (Rayak)
SAINT JEAN CAPE FERRAT Belgian Military Cemetery of SAINT JEAN CAPE FERRAT  (Saint Jean Cape Ferrat)Local: Cimetière militaire belge de SAINT-JEAN-CAP-FERRAT (fr) + Belgische militaire begraafplaats van SAINT-JEAN-CAP-FERRAT (nl)  (Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat)


45 Organisations (or Groupings) of membership (selective)


AFRICA Inter-Territorial Conference : ITC  (Dakar)
AIR SPORTS World Air Sports Federation : WASF  (Lausanne)
CENTRAL BANK Bank for International Settlements : BIS  (Basle)
CTO Communications and Transit Organisation : CTO  (Geneva)
EFO Economic and Financial Organization of the League of Nations : EFO  (Brusells)
ENTENTE CORDIALE Agreements of ENTENTE CORDIALE  (London)
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations : FAO Specialized Agency  (Quebec City)
FIFA Federation of International Football Association : FIFA  (Zurich)
FRANCO-SOVIET ALLIANCE Treaty of Friendship between France and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics : FRANCO-SOVIET Alliance  (Moscow + Paris)
GENEVA CONVENTION GENEVA Convention  (Geneva)
HAGUE CONVENTION Permanent Court of Arbitration : PCA  (The Hague)
ICJ International Court of Justice : WORLD COURT  (The Hague)
IGCR High Commission for Refugees : Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees : IGCR  (Berne)
IHB International Hydrographic Bureau : IHB Specialized Agency  (Monaco)
ILO International Labour Organization : ILO Specialized Agency  (Montreal)
IMF Agreement for International Monetary Fund : IMF  (Washington-District of Columbia)
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property : UIBPIP  (Berne)
INTER-PARLIAMENTARY UNION Inter-Parliamentary Union : IPU  (Geneva)
INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL BANK for Reconstruction and Development  (Washington-District of Columbia)
INTERNATIONAL POLICE International Criminal Police Commission : ICPC  (Berlin)
LEAGUE OF RED CROSS League of Red Cross Societies : LORCS  (Geneva)
LNHO League of Nations Health Organization : LNHO  (Geneva)
LON League of Nations Secretariat : LON  (Geneva)
MARITIME LAW International Maritime Committee : IMC  (Antwerp)
METEOROLOGY International Meteorological Organization : IMO  (Lausanne)
OIC Organization of Intellectual Cooperation : OIC  (Geneva)
OLD ALLIANCE Old Alliance : AULD ALLIANCE between France and Scotland  (Saint Germain in Laye)
OLYMPIC GAMES International Olympic Committee : IOC  (Lausanne)
PAN-AMERICAN HEALTH Pan-American Sanitary Bureau : PASB  (Washington-District of Columbia)
PANEUROPA PANEUROPEAN Movement : international Committees for the European Federation  (Washington-District of Columbia)
PCNB Permanent Central Narcotics Board : PCNB  (Geneva)
PICAO Provisional International Civil Aviation Organization : PICAO Specialized Agency  (Montreal)
PUBLIC HEALTH International Office of Public Health : IOPH  (Paris)
RED CROSS International Committee of the Red Cross : ICRC  (Geneva)
REFRIGERATION International Institute of Refrigeration : IIR  (Paris)
RHINE Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine : CCNR  (Strasbourg)
STANDARDS United Nations Standards Coordinating Committee : UNSCC  (London)
TELECOMMUNICATION International Telecommunication Union : ITU  (Berne)
TOURISM International Union of National Tourist Propaganda Organizations : IUNTPO  (The Hague)
UNITED NATIONS United Nations Organization : UNO [continuing the League of Nations]  (London)
UNIVERSAL POSTAL UNION Universal Postal Union : UPU  (Berne)
UNRRA United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration : UNRRA  (Washington-District of Columbia)
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES International Bureau of Weights and Measures : IBWM  (Sevres)
WHALING International Agreement for the Regulation of Whaling : IARW  (London)
WORLD BUSINESS International Chamber of Commerce : ICC [The Word Business Organization]  (Paris)



* The emblems shown for the subdivisions may in some cases be those of their capital.


Other Territories or Entities within the 2023's internationally recognized Country boundaries:

ADELIE LAND French Sector of ADELIE LAND  ((Tananarive))
AIRPORT BASLE-MULHOUSE Reserved Territory of AIRPORT BASLE-MULHOUSE  (Saint-Louis + Blotzheim)
AMSTERDAM ISLAND French Possession of AMSTERDAM ISLAND  (New Amsterdam)
BASSAS DA INDIA French Dependency of BASSAS DA INDIA  (Bassas da India)
BORA BORA American Base of BORA BORA  (Vaitape)
BRITISH CEMETERIES IN FRANCE Territories of the BRITISH CEMETERIES IN FRANCE  (Bayeux)
CROZET ISLANDS French Nature Reserve of CROZET ISLANDS  (Crozet)
DESIRADE DESIRADE Commune  (Beausejour)
EUROPA ISLAND French Dependency of EUROPA ISLAND  (Europa)
FRENCH AUSTRAL ISLANDS French Possession of AUSTRAL ISLANDS  (Port Aux Francais v)
GLORIOSO ISLANDS French Dependency of GLORIOSO ISLANDS  (Greater Glorioso)
GUADELOUPE French Overseas Department of GUADELOUPE  (Basse-Terre)
ISLES OF THE SAINTS Communes of THE ISLES OF THE SAINTS  (Terre de Haut + Terre de Bas)
JUAN DE NOVA ISLAND French Colony of JUAN DE NOVA ISLAND  (Juan de Nova)
KERGUELEN ARCHIPELAGO French Possession of KERGUELEN ARCHIPELAGO  (Port Aux Francais)
MARIE-GALANTE Communes of MARIE-GALANTE  (Grand-Bourg)
MARTINIQUE French Overseas Department of MARTINIQUE  (Fort of France)
OMAHA BEACH American Temporary Cemetery on European Soil : AMERICAN CEMETERY in Omaha Beach  (Vierville)
PETITE TERRE ISLANDS PETITE TERRE ISLANDS Archipelago  (Terre de Bas)
ROYASQUE COUNTRY Communes of ROYASQUE COUNTRY  (Tenda + Briga)
SAINT BARTHOLOMEW Commune of SAINT BARTHOLOMEW  (Gustavia)
SAINT JEAN CAPE FERRAT Belgian Military Cemetery of SAINT JEAN CAPE FERRAT  (Saint Jean Cape Ferrat)
SAINT MARTIN Communes of SAINT MARTIN  (Marigot)
SAINT PAUL AND AMSTERDAM ISLANDS French Colony of SAINT PAUL AND AMSTERDAM ISLANDS  (New Amsterdam)
SAINT PAUL ISLAND French Possession of SAINT PAUL ISLAND  (Saint Paul)
TROMELIN ISLAND Leased Territory of TROMELIN ISLAND  (Tromelin)
VIMY MEMORIAL Canadian National VIMY MEMORIAL  (Vimy)
ethnia.org
   
Notes:


   ethnia.org aims to find the countries, territories, governments, administrative divisions and main international organisations that have existed during the 20th century.
   Current depth of investigation: . [red: country considered completed, rose: 1 level yet to complete, white: 2 levels yet to complete]
   For an idea on how was built the site, see the following documentary link of wikipedia [fr] : Modèle:Infobox


 General Internet Sources

   * Base géographique, Archives nationales d'outre-mer (FR). For the administrative divisions of the former French dependencies.
   * Centennia Historical Atlas Software, ed. Centennia (US). For Europe, North Africa and Middle East historical maps.
   * Drapeaux d'Origine & d'Inspiration Françaises - DO&IF, SFV (FR). For French colonial flags.
   * Ethnologue: Languages of the World, SIL International (US). For languages codes.
   * Flags Of The World - FOTW, Rob Raeside (CA). For the current and historic flags of the world.
   * GeoNames, Geonames (CH). Geographical names database.
   * Google Books, Google (US). Online library used for specific sources.
   * Herald Dick Magazine, Herald Dick (FR). For some current and historic arms.
   * Heraldry of the World, by Ralf Hartemink (NL). For local emblems and arms.
   * L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde, by Jacques Leclerc, University of Laval (CA). For national linguistic policies.
   * National Arms and Emblems - Past and Present, by Hubert de Vries (NL). For historic national emblems and arms.
   * Numismondo - World Printed Money Picture Catalog, by Garry Saint, Esquire (US). For national currencies.
   * Omniatlas - Interactive atlas of World History, by Rick Westera (NZ). For some geopolitical maps.
   * Perry-Castañ:eda Library Map Collection, University of Texas at Austin (US). For some historical maps.
   * Population Statistics, by Jan Lahmeyer (NL). For historical regional demographies and areas.
   * Portale Storia, by Giovanni Fontana (IT). For photos of rulers.
   * ReliefWeb, by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). For maps of some administrative divisions.
   * Rulers.org, by Benjamin Schemmel (DE). For photos of rulers.
   * Statoids, by Gwillim Law (US). For historical administrative subdivisions.
   * The World Factbook, ed. Central Intelligence Agency (US). For the general data and profiles of the current countries.
   * United Nations Peacekeeping, United Nations (UNO). For the United Nations Missions.
   * Vexilla Mundi, by Mello Luchtenberg (NL). For flags of the world.
   * Vexillographia, by Viktor Lomantsov (RU). For flags of Russia and Soviet Union.
   * Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Foundation (US). Free-use pictures.
   * Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation (US). For general data, maps, sources, pictures.
   * World Heritage Centre, (UNESCO). For the selected photos of the countries.
   * World History at KMLA, by Alexander Ganse (DE). For historical maps and links by country.
   * World Statesmen, by Ben Cahoon (US). Main source for the historical polities and their rulers.

 General Printed References

   * Atlas des empires and other books of Gérard Chaliand, ed. Payot (FR). General historical geopolitic data.
   * Atlas of the World's Languages, ed. Routledge (UK). Most complete world list of languages and dialects.
   * Flags Through the Ages and Accross the World, by Whitney Smith, ed. McGraw (US). Flags of the world.
   * Fragments d'Europe, by Michel Foucher, ed. Fayard (FR). For the post-Soviet Union polities.
   * L'État du Monde, ed. La Découverte (FR). Yearly geopolitic cover of the world.
   * Quid, by Dominique Frémy, ed. Plon (FR). Yearly encyclopedia that was useful for countries data.
   * Statoids printed version, by Gwillim Law (US). For historical administrative subdivisions.
   * The Times Atlas of the World, ed. Times Atlas (UK). Periodical atlas of the world with its supplementary list of administrative subdivisions.
   * World Christian Encyclopedia, by David B. Barrett, ed. Oxford University Press (UK). For world religious groups but also ethnological data. First inspiring source of Ethnia.org website's look.
   * World Paper Money, ed. Krause (US). For historical currencies.

    + the other sources are added according to the consulted entity.

 




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